Abeka Biology Test 2 (Revised 2022) Flashcards | Knowt (2024)

Lenticels

What is the process of a new plant growing from a root, stem, or leaf of an existing plant?

Vegetative reproduction

What is the chief factor determining when a plant flowers?

Length of day and night

What part of a flower covers and protects the rest of the flower during development?

Sepal

What is the tough outer covering of a herbaceous monocot stem?

Rind

Which of the following steps occurs FIRST in the process of germination?

The seed begins to absorb water

What part of a flower produces pollen?

Anther

When there is a fully developed fruit on a plant, which of the following statements is ALWAYS true?

An ovary has ripened

Which of the following is NOT a plant hormone?

Chemotropin

What type of branching does the pictured tree exhibit?

Spreading branching

A young woody stem stores water in soft, thin-walled cells at its center. What is this storage region called?

Pith

What part of a seed's embryo develops into the new plant's root system?

Radicle

Which of the following is NOT one of the factors that drives the sap stream?

Secondary growth

What are the special roots that grow from unusual regions of a plant?

Adventitious roots

What is the tissue that surrounds and nourishes a developing plant embryo?

Endosperm

Grain

Consists of a pod enclosing several seeds

Legume

Consists of an outer fleshy layer and in inner papery core

Pome

Entire fruit is fleshy and juicy throughout

Beery

Consists of a seed enclosed in a hard, relatively thick shell; examples include acorns

Nut

Gametes

Within a root, food is stored in the?

(Root) cortex

The process in which substances mix through random molecular motion is called?

Diffusion

The section of a twig between nodes is a(n)?

Internode

The dispersal of dandelion seeds by the wind is an example of _______ dispersal?

Agent

The part of a root tip in which cells grow longer is called the region of?

Elongation

Certain types of grass plants have flowers that developed underground and never open. Because they cannot be pollinated by other flowers, these flowers must be pollinated through the process of?

Self-pollination

In some cases, plant seedlings that receive light from only one direction will bend toward the light; this demonstrates the tropism called?

Phototropism

Terms to know: ovule, pedicel, receptacle, sepal, stamen, stigma, style

True

Wood is another name for PHLOEM tissue.

Xylem

The type of reproduction in which sperm and egg cells unite is VEGETATIVE reproduction.

Sexual

The structure that covers and protects the tender root tip is the APICAL MERISTEM.

Root cap

The older, inner wood of a stem that serves only to support the stem is SAPWOOD.

Heartwood

The tiny, tube-like projections that extend from the epidermal cells of a root to absorb water and minerals are FIBROUS ROOTS.

Root hairs

After pollination takes place, the first step in fertilization is the formation of a POLLEN TUBE.

True

The structures of a plant embryo that contain stored food to supply the energy needed for sprouting are the COTYLEDONS.

True

Salt pulls water out of the roots through osmosis.

Which of the following statements BEST explains why a strawberry is considered an aggregate fruit?

A strawberry grows from a single flower with several pistils.

Which of the following statements BEST explains why the vascular cambium of a woody stem is located between the bark and the wood?

Vascular cambium produces xylem and phloem, which are in the wood and bark.

The spice ginger comes from an underground stem of the ginger plant; new plants form as these thick stems grow horizontally. What type os special stem does the ginger plant have?

Rhizome

Vincent is examining a grass flower. He finds stamens, pistils, snd tiny sepals. Upon further inspection, he finds that the flower lacks petals but has bracts. In which of the following categories does the flower belong?

Incomplete flower

Group 1- the existing branches will not grow longer, but new branches will for and grow. Since stems grow in length only at the terminal buds, the plants with terminal buds removed cannot grow longer. (New branches will grown in length as the lateral buds become terminal buds.) Group 2- the existing branches will grow longer, but no new branches will form on the existing portions of the stems. Since branches form only at the lateral buds, the plants with lateral buds removed cannot produce new branches. (As the stem grows in length, it will produce lateral buds on the new portions, allowing branching to occur.) Group 3- the plant will grow normally, both growing in length and producing new branches. Since both types of buds are present, neither length increase nor branching is prevented.

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